e) Ethics in Nursing-roles and
responsibilities of a nurse.
f) Health care agencies – hospital and
community service – types and
function of hospitals health team.
g) Modern approaches to nursing care
including holistic nursing care
h) Health and Disease

• Definition of health, determinants
  of health status.
• Basic human needs
• Illness and its effects on individual

• Physical factors – lighting temperature,
  ventilation, humidity, noise, pestilence.
• Safety needs, prevention of
  environmental hazard
• Psychosocial and aesthetic factors.
  c) Patient’s Adjustment to the Hospital.
• Understanding the patient as a
  person, socio-economic, and cultural
  background, health status etc.
• Effect of hospitalization on patient and
  family.
• Admission, transfer, discharge
  procedures
  d) Basic Nursing Skills-
• Communication
• Nursing interview
• Recording and reporting
  e) Nursing Process
• Meaning and importance
• Assessment, Nursing diagnosis
  Planning, Implementation and
  Evaluation
• Nursing care plan.

• Comfort, rest, sleep and exercise
  –Importance and its promotion
• Body mechanics –moving, lifting,
  transferring
• Position and posture maintenance
• Comfort devices
• Beds and bed making – Principles of
  bed making, types and care of bed
  linen
• Safety devices, restraints and splints
• Exercises – Active and Passive
  b) Hygienic needs
• Personal and environmental hygiene
  personal
• Nurses note in maintaining personal
  and environmental hygiene.
• Care of eyes, nose, ears, hands and
  feet.
• Care of mouth, skin, hair and genitalia
• Care of pressure areas, bed sores.
  c) Elimination needs
• Health and sickness
• Problems – constipation and diarrhea,
  retention and incontinence of urine.
• Nurse’s role in meeting elimination
  needs.
• Offering bed-pan and urinal,
• Observing and recording
  abnormalities.
• Preparation and giving of laxative,
  suppositories, enemas, bowel wash,
  flatus tube.
• Perineal care, care of patient with
  urinary catheter, diapers.
• Maintenance of intake and output
  records
  d) Nutritional needs
• Diet in health and disease
• Factors affecting nutrition in illness,
• Nurse’s role in meeting patients
  nutritional needs.
• Modification of diet in illness.
• Diet planning and serving.
• Feeding helpless patients including
  artificial methods of feeding.
  e) Psychological and spiritual needs

• Importance
• Nurse’s role -Diversional and
  Recreational therapy
  f) Care of terminally ill and dying patient
• Dying patient’s signs and symptoms
  needs of dying patient and family,
• Nursing care of dying-: special
  considerations; advance directives,
  euthanasia, will, dying declaration,
  organ donation etc.
• Medico legal issues
• Care of the dead body
• Care of unit
• Autopsy
• Embalming

• Importance, principles, methods of
  assessment
• Height, Weight, posture
• Head to toe examination.

b) Physiological Assessment

• Vital signs, normal, abnormal
  Characteristics, factors influencing the
  variations,
• Observation and collection of
  specimens-urine, stool, vomitus and
  sputum.

c) Psychological Assessment

• Mood, Intelligence, Emotions Normal
  and Abnormal behavior.

• Deep breathing and coughing exercises
• O2 inhalation
• Dry and moist inhalation
• Oro nasal suctioning
  b) Care of patient with altered body
  temperature-Hot and cold Applications
  c) Care of patients with Fluid and
  Electrolyte imbalance
  d) Care of unconscious patient
  e) Care of the bed-ridden patient(traction,
  fractures etc.)
  f) Care of patient with pain
  g) Care of patients with body elimination
  deviation