learning Objectives - Describe basic needs of the patient Demonstrate skill in meeting basic care of the patient
Hours - 65
Teaching and Learning Activities - Lecture cum discussion Demonstration
Assessment Methods - Short answer Objective type Essay type Return demonstration Assessment using checklist
Content of the chapter
a) Physical needs-
- Comfort, rest, sleep and exercise
–Importance and its promotion - Body mechanics –moving, lifting,
transferring - Position and posture maintenance
- Comfort devices
- Beds and bed making – Principles of
bed making, types and care of bed
linen - Safety devices, restraints and splints
- Exercises – Active and Passive
b) Hygienic needs - Personal and environmental hygiene
personal - Nurses note in maintaining personal
and environmental hygiene. - Care of eyes, nose, ears, hands and
feet. - Care of mouth, skin, hair and genitalia
- Care of pressure areas, bed sores.
c) Elimination needs - Health and sickness
- Problems – constipation and diarrhea,
retention and incontinence of urine. - Nurse’s role in meeting elimination
needs. - Offering bed-pan and urinal,
- Observing and recording
abnormalities. - Preparation and giving of laxative,
suppositories, enemas, bowel wash,
flatus tube. - Perineal care, care of patient with
urinary catheter, diapers. - Maintenance of intake and output
records
d) Nutritional needs - Diet in health and disease
- Factors affecting nutrition in illness,
- Nurse’s role in meeting patients
nutritional needs. - Modification of diet in illness.
- Diet planning and serving.
- Feeding helpless patients including
artificial methods of feeding.
e) Psychological and spiritual needs
- Importance
- Nurse’s role -Diversional and
Recreational therapy
f) Care of terminally ill and dying patient - Dying patient’s signs and symptoms
needs of dying patient and family, - Nursing care of dying-: special
considerations; advance directives,
euthanasia, will, dying declaration,
organ donation etc. - Medico legal issues
- Care of the dead body
- Care of unit
- Autopsy
- Embalming